Western Europe
Grace Acosta
Political- Leaders, elites, state structure, war, diplomacy, laws/courts
- First World War
- Started after the assassination of the Archduke Ferdinand of Austria
- Causes of the Great War include militarism, European alliances that divided Europe, nationalism, and diplomatic failures
- The major leaders were Woodrow Wilson and Kaiser Wilhelm II
- The effects of the war were the end of the Russian imperial, Ottoman, German, and Austro-Hungarian empires.
- Treaty of Versailles
- League of Nations
- Second World War
- Causes of WWII include the aggression from Germany, Italy and Japan, the failure of the Treaty of Versailles, and the weakness of the League of Nations
- The major leaders were Winston Churchill, Joseph Stalin, and Adolf Hitler
- Genocide
- Effects of WWII were the creation of two major powers in the world, the USA and USSR, establishment of the United Nations, NATO, and the Warsaw Pact, and the Great Depression.
- Anti-colonial ideas helped to end empires and create new states
- Many European colonies gained independence, such as India and Ghana from Britain, and Vietnam from France
- Cold War
- Tense relationship between the USSR and the USA
- The dissolution of the Soviet Union marked the end of the Cold war
- The European Union is created to promote trade across national borders
Economic- Type of system, technology/industry, trade, money, types of businesses
- Food production during the Great war rose.
- After the war, the economy declined
- After WWI, economic depression happened globally
- When the Great Depression hit, government were more active in their nation's economy
- Governments created free-market economic policies and encouraged economic liberalization
- Economic institutions were created to spread free market principles across the globe
- Example:
- International Monetary Fund(IMF)
- World Bank
- World Trade Organization (WTO)
- The Euro was created by the EU to strengthen the economy of European nations
Religion- Holy books, beliefs, conversion, sin/salvation, deities
- Majority of the population is a form of Christianity
- Protestantism and Catholicism are the major two form of Christianity practiced in Western Europe
- More religious tolerance
Society- Family, gender relations, social class, inequalities, lifestyles
- An increase in feminism and female rights
- In the early 20th century women were still viewed as housewives and their only work was to raise their children
- Women began to work more and also became more educated.
- As a consequence, the number of children per family started to decrease as women began to work more.
- There were attempts to end racism
- Persecution of Jews during the Second World War
- More equality between genders
Intellectual, Innovations, and Invention- Writing, literature, philosophy, math, science, education
- Advancements in science and the understanding of the natural world and universe.
- Development of new technologies which created an increase in population growth
- Examples:
- Theory of Relativity, Quantum mechanics, and the Big Bang Theory
- The Green Revolution
- Medical innovation such as polio vaccine, antibiotics, and the artificial heart.
- Energy technology increased the production of material goods, like the use of oil and nuclear power
- Birth control improvement gave women control over fertility and changed sexual practices
- Improved military technologies and tactics
- Some well-known scientists and researchers are Max Planck, Marie Curie, Albert Einstein and Niels Bohr
- They created Nobel prize-winning scientific paradigms.
- New technologies and way of communication, such as the Internet, cellphones, and computers
Arts and Architecture- Arts, music, dances, buildings
- New uses of concrete and glass in architecture
- Cubism
- Modernism
- Surrealism
- Movies
- Examples of artist of this period are Pablo Picasso, Salvador Dali, Joan Miro, and Fernand Leger.
Near Geographic- Location, physical, movement, human/environment, region
- Advancements and developments in food production and medicine have caused great increases in population.
- Industrialization remains, and keeps improving create better ways to produce good and use energy adequately.
- Also, many Europeans migrated to the United States in search of economic opportunity
http://freeman-pedia.wikispaces.com/Accelerating+Global+Change+and+Realignments+%281900-+Present%29
http://schoolctr.hebisd.edu/education/page/download.php?fileinfo=d2VzdGVybmV1cm9wZS5wZGY6Ojovd3d3NS9zY2hvb2xzL3R4L2hlYmlzZC9pbWFnZXMvZG9jbWdyLzU4MzNmaWxlNTA3NjYucGRm§iondetailid=41143
http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hi/hi_twencentper.htm
http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/ht/?period=11®ion=eusi
http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/ht/?period=11®ion=euwf#/Works-of-Art
http://schoolctr.hebisd.edu/education/page/download.php?fileinfo=d2VzdGVybmV1cm9wZS5wZGY6Ojovd3d3NS9zY2hvb2xzL3R4L2hlYmlzZC9pbWFnZXMvZG9jbWdyLzU4MzNmaWxlNTA3NjYucGRm§iondetailid=41143
http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hi/hi_twencentper.htm
http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/ht/?period=11®ion=eusi
http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/ht/?period=11®ion=euwf#/Works-of-Art